Sorcery and Witchcraft in the Penza Region: Current State of the Magical Tradition

Abstract

The magical tradition, that is actually present in the villages of the Penza region, is being investigated. The presented modern expeditionary materials reveal unknown facets in the tradition of rural healing and witchcraft practices. On thebasis of mythological stories, tales and reports with the bearers of the tradition, stable characteristics of healers and sorcerers of the Penza region are highlighted. One of these elements — “gift” — is seen as an excess of life force that allows the sorcerer to harm people, and the healer to heal various diseases. For the first time, a system of successive strengthening of the vitality of a healer or sorcerer is revealed. Prohibitions and restrictions, constant ritual practice, dreaming and shape-shifting are part of the system, the result of which is the strengthening of magical abilities. Particular attention is paid to mythological stories about the transformation of sorcerers and healers into a “fire serpent” — a glowball. In particular, new images and functions of the “snake” have been discovered. Thus, the glowball is an intermediate form in a series of magical transformations. Thefinal image is associated with a person who comes into contact with a sorcerer or medicine man. The function of the “serpent” also varies — it transforms from a harmful creature into a neutral and even positive character. Consistent implementation of all elements of the magical system leads to the creation of a “superman”, simultaneously existing in the space of two “worlds” — real and mythological.